Censorship An Individual Or Institution - 1392 Words

Aaron Browning Vonda Ford English 5-6 28 January 2014 â€Å"********* *** ******† Censorship: the intentional suppression of information that is deemed inappropriate by either an individual or institution. Censorship; has been an issue throughout all of history. Whether it is the trial of Socrates or the Licensing Act, all censorship has ever done is limit information and repress other points of view. Censorship comes in many forms and can be very subtle or opaque; the one constant is the benefit of the powerful and the restraint of the masses. Some may find forbidding information useful, and some may think that freedom of speech; is not a right; but rather something to be sacrificed for the greater good of society. Censoring anything, be it†¦show more content†¦The trial of Socrates was held in 399 BC, and he was charged with corrupting the youth and impiety. Socrates was executed shortly after, and he became a martyr to free thinkers across Greece. Inspired by Socrates, the playwright Euripides Became one of Freedom of Expressions most early advocates. Later in the Roman Empire Censorship became more prevalent with the invention of the Censors. A Censors job is to eliminate all information that may be harmful to society or the ruling government. When Rome was Christianized in the late 300’s the Roman Catholic Church was no less eager to suppress information then Rome. When Pope Paul IV came into power he Established the Liborom Prohibitum in the mid 1500’s. The Liborom Prohibitum is a list of works that the Church deemed inappropriate to read; It lasted more than 400 years and spanned more than 20 issues until it was finally stopped in the mid 1900’s. The librorum Prohibitorum included both scientific and literary works by authors such as Isaac Newton. The invention of the printing press in 1450 revolutionized the way that Europe created information. Printing was faster and cheaper than transcribing, and it being readily available created an information boom in Europe. Newspapers and the postal service raised the awareness of current events, and allowed people to create formulate and share opinions over long distances. In the year 1643 the English government created

Abraham Lincoln s President Of The United States

On March 4, 1861, Abraham Lincoln took his first oath of office as President of the United States. On the East Portico of the new Capitol Building, Lincoln directed his voice not to the people in the crowd, but to the people of the seven states which had seceded from the Union just days before. He stood in the shadow of the Capitol’s half-finished dome, a symbol of the severe division within the nation. Mr. Lincoln would be met with great hardship and ambiguity throughout his two terms as president. He knew â€Å"a house divided among itself cannot stand.† What, then, was the solution? A war between the Northern Union and Southern rebels. His second inauguration, delivered just days before the surrender of the South, was spoken with a sense of†¦show more content†¦He used his first inaugural address to declare his constitutional intentions, especially given the anxiety in the Southern states over the protection of their slaves, and to explain the nature of the national Union. Although Lincoln hated slavery and consistently argued against its expansion, he was not an abolitionist at first. Lincoln recognized the fragile condition of the country on the eve of the fighting, and therefore did not seek the repeal of the notorious (but constitutional) Fugitive Slave Act of 1850, which required that escaped slaves be returned to their masters in the South. A repeal of that law meant that reconciliation with the South would be impossible. He announced that he would not interfere with slavery where it already existed, and pledged to enforce the Fugitive Slave Act—a key issue for seceding states. Lincoln then declared the Union of these States is perpetual (AHR 476, line 4) and added no State, upon its own mere motion, can lawfully get out of the Union,† (AHR 476, line 27). Why? He believed that all governments by their very nature existed in perpetuity. Even if one man or a group of people assumed the United States was not government proper, but rather an association of states, all the states collectively would need to agree to dissolve their association. He also believed that the existence of the American Union was around long before the constitution, demonstrating that the States intended to

Does Technology Corrupt Society Free Essays

Does technology corrupt society? (By: Gordon Turtle) Does technology corrupt society? That’s a commonly asked question. If you think about it, technology helps society more then it harms it. A lot of schools disallow the use of cell phones or laptops unless they are used for school it-self. We will write a custom essay sample on Does Technology Corrupt Society or any similar topic only for you Order Now How would students communicate without them? Through the one hour to an hour and forty five minutes of lunch? What about technology used for medical purposes. Also, technology used for electronics such as computers, lights, etc†¦ Lastly, technology used for communication, like cell phones, radios, etc†¦ We use technology almost everywhere; we use it for medical to help people get rid of diseases and injuries. It also helps doctors train better, easier, and more efficiently. If we didn’t have technology then we would still be cavemen living in caves with no light, no way of surviving injuries or illnesses. If we didn’t have any medical abilities the human race would have went extinct a long time ago. Technology gave us electricity and electronics. Without technology we wouldn’t have t. v. ’s, toy’s, game systems, etc†¦ If man evolved without technology then we wouldn’t have come this far, we wouldn’t be as smart as we are now. We also wouldn’t have any way of teaching our children or other kids about how to live life or how to be good responsible adults. Technology also gave us communication devices such as the cellphone, house phone, computers, laptops, etc†¦ If we didn’t have technology the military would have fast ways of communicating with its soldiers. Without communication we could think we are the only country on earth for all we knew. Communication devices gave us the power to talk to one another from one side of the earth to the other in seconds. Imagine a world without communication. Imagine you had to write a letter and have it read days or even months later, and then having to wait days or months for a response. Communication devices are one of the most important pieces of technology ever made. Without them we might as well go live in a cave with the few people we know, thinking that you were the only ones that are on the earth. That’s why technology doesn’t corrupt society, and that technology is what brought us to where we are today. If you think about it, technology helps society more then it harms it. How to cite Does Technology Corrupt Society, Essays

HRM Policies and Organisational Performance †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the HRM Policies and Organisational Performance. Answer: Introduction The dynamic nature of the modern world has seen rapid changes in business operations and investment patterns. Organizations are going far and beyond to reach the diversified and ever changing global markets. Technology has reduced the world into one single global village and having a company in another country is now much easier than ever before. Cosmetics industry is an ancient business that dates back to several years ago before the advancement of technology to this current state. Cosmetics are attributed to early civilization including Egypt in the B.C. era. Oils and creams were used to protect civilians from hot scorching dessert sun and also dry winds (Chaudhri Jain 2009). It is founded on the rich ancient history from the periods of the Roman rule to ancient Greek and Asia, and now it has found its place in the modern history. The industry has grown to present a big opportunity for business ventures. The US economy is comprised of a set of consumers of different ethnic background, and provides a good source for cosmetics market. It is also a country characterized by strong economic base and frequent new lifestyle trends that accompanies trying of new products in the markets (EY 2014). The global cosmetic trends also favour products with health benefits to the bodies of the consumers. The country is also safely popular when it comes to the sales of cosmetic products which provide glimmering hope for the cosmetic business ventures. Therefore, Australian Cosmetic Company intends to exploit the American market with precision of quality products, and in addition to collaborate with local cosmetic companies in providing the best for the industry obsessed with the best. The collaboration will be a breakthrough technique of accessing the American market. It is a necessary and cautious step of breaking into a new market structure in a different country with different culture and beliefs. Joint venturing is deemed as a perfect transitional step into full operations. The Description of Cosmetic Venture The Australian Cosmetic Company intends to gain a great share of American cosmetic market through collaboration with other popular local cosmetic dealers in a joint business venture. Given the potential the US cosmetic market holds, the business has higher chances of gaining rapid market share (EY 2016). The foreign nature of the company in the US could have been a tricky hurdle to overcome, but given the approach taken to jointly venture in the business with local dealers, then all is made easy as they will help in the transitional process of understanding the market trends and practices. The partners will also aid in market analysis for the product, which is a strategy that will boost the performance of the Company products (Abbas 2017). Going by the market potential of the US economy in the cosmetic industry, the Australian Cosmetic Company plans to launch a wide range of cosmetic products from body lotions and perfumes, to deodorants and other body sprays after the debut launch of the makeup paper strips. The company will further set a product line specifically for both men and women among its future plans. It is an emerging trend in the cosmetic global industry whereby, unlike the previous years, currently most companies have developed a line of men cosmetic products that have same resemblance to that of women (Aginsky Consulting Group 2007). It is a market strategy aimed at tapping into a tight men industry, which is preoccupied by the general assumption that cosmetics belongs to ladies. The inception of the Australian Cosmetic Company was inspired by the love of the American people for new cosmetic products, and the promising market boom the US has been experiencing, which promises a better future. The market trends promises huge returns on investments, with the target market being the vibrant youth of between 20 to 45 years of age. It is a project intended to break into the US cosmetic market with the real intent. The Management In every organizational set-up, management is always at the center of operations and functionality of the organization (Hussain Ahmad 2012). It promotes workflow and gives direction to the flow of all organizational operations. Human resources will guide the company in hiring of the right employees for the job, enhance good working environment and employee satisfaction, conduct performance appraisals, replace the underperforming workers and cultivate good and sustainable employee-management relationship. In addition, the management will devise strategic plans to guide the business in the desired direction. The company also intends to utilize the management to play a role of creating awareness about the mission, vision and the values of the cosmetic company, lure partners through proper representation of the company interests to the highest stakeholders within the American industry, with an aim of constant growth (Katou Budhwar 2010). The management structure will be set in a way that reflects the set goals of the company and primary objectives of accessing the cosmetic market, creating a superb network of reliable clients, establish certified distributors of the company products, conduct market research to set reasonable price and embark on customer analysis research to determine the consumer behaviors and response to the product. From that point of view, the company management will comprise of the Chief Executive Officer who will oversee all the organizational processes for the firm at the pinnacle of the management. Then the company will employ a series of departmental managers for the head office, regional state managers in each state of the US who will collaborate closely with local and popular managers of other cosmetic companies. The company will also have sales representatives, company workers and above all, the Human Resource Manager in charge of human resources. The Companys Marketing Plan Marketing provides grounds for the sale of the products. It is one of the most vital factors to consider that can make or break a business venture (Isoraite, 2009). It is a crucial process of identifying and making efforts to diversify your products for the buyers in the market. It involves the process of informing the potential clients, customers or consumers about the presence of your product within the market and convincing them about problem-solving abilities of your product, much better than other existing or non-existing products (Copeland Borough Council n.d.). The Australian Cosmetic Companys marketing plan is just more than an ordinary set task of announcing the new line of cosmetic products into the American market. Furthermore, as much as local partners in joint venture will provide a boost in penetrating the product to the heights of the market; it does not guarantee market success. Therefore, the company has a planned strategy on how to effectively strike the mind of the potential customers with the new cosmetics. The bottom line of understanding a clear way of marketing your product is by first establishing and knowing your target market audience (Lynn, 2011). In this case, the target market of the companys products is the youth ranging from twenty years of age to middle-aged adults of not more than forty five years. These are the people who will provide the needed customer base, with their social vibrancy and curiosity of trying out new products. Globally, it is known that the highest consumers of the cosmetic products are the young adults. They are confident and have the desire to look more attractive among the rest. It is this behavior that explains the inevitable profiling of this group of people as the potential buyers. Obsession with flashiness and attractiveness makes them number one target, and the only remaining part is to get them. The Australian cosmetic company will analyze all the macro environmental factors, that is, all the external factors beyond the companys control such as political state of the US (Sammut-Bonnici, 2015). The Micro environmental factors such as the company suppliers will contribute significantly to the marketing quest of the firm. However, given the stable economic and political situation in the US, there are very good and favourable marketing conditions. The company will employ the marketing mix strategy as part of efforts to steer their marketing agenda. The marketing mix refers to the wide range of efforts and options organizations decides in process of bringing the new product to the market. It involves all the efforts the organization will apply to make known of its new line of products to the potential clients. Marketing mix uses 4Ps; which stands for the Product (or service), Place, Price of the item and the Promotion. It is an effective method of reaching the new product to the customers and provides very reliable basis for good results when properly utilized (Ehmke, Fulton Lusk n.d.). The company intends to first introduce the makeup paper strips as its debut product within the market. It is a product which will have good impression to its users. Having definable product in the market is one of the advantages the firm will bank on in quest to salvage their market share. In terms of the place, the Australian cosmetics company is an international cosmetics company from Australia, entering the US market space. The product prices will be set in consideration to the existing market prices and the makeup paper strip will go for $20, in an opening pricing strategy to lure the target customers. Promotion is the most important part in fulfilling intended goal of the product. It will involve different techniques such as limited offers, free samples of the product for testing, media advertisements and social media marketing to promote the product to the target market (Cuellar-Healey, 2013). Competitor Analysis One of the most competitive cosmetic industries is based in the US. There have a constant growth on the national revenues posted from the industry in the recent years. The country boast one of the best cosmetic companies and globally recognized, therefore, that is an important point that the Australian cosmetic company will determine to establish their counter measures on how to compete favourable and graciously among the established best. Business micro environment contains competitors that pose a very huge threat to the goal of achieving maximized profits (Ray Ross, 2008). They are the direct predators that also target the same market with the same similar products and outperforming them is the only way for the survival of the business. Top cosmetics company Burts Bees, has over thirty years of operational experience while Maybelline Cosmetics dates back to 1915 and still provides a competitive edge for its long stay in the game. They pose a huge threat to the success of any new entrants, especially if the new player in the industry is a foreign one. Most of the American cosmetics companies have grown to sell their products abroad and their products are based on higher pricing, an exploitation which the Australian firm intends to utilize. The collaboration with the local companies mean, there will be a blend of new and old to bombard the market (Procurement Leaders, 2013). The products will be portrayed as something new ever seen in American cosmetic industry and market. But above all, one common factor that seem to trend in the American cosmetic market is the overpricing of products. The Australian Cosmetic Company will introduce an overly new health-friendly product at slightly lower prices as compared to the direct competitors. Financial Analysis Finances are primarily the engine of the business and it matters most to have enough finances for the advancement of the business venture. Sources of finance are scarce and rare to come by even with ideal and promising business venture, sometimes financiers may decline to support the projects for no apparent reasons or sometimes because of unknown fear (Thomson Reuters 2008). The amount the Australian Cosmetic Company requires to establish its full operations in the cosmetics industry is close to $60 million. With 75% projected success rate, the company is estimated to make rapid economic progress in the market, competing favorably and earning its market share which in turn results if profits. The Australian Cosmetic Company will seek seed funding from any venture capitalist to enable the projected successful running of the company. The firm provides a real deal in cosmetics industry, first coming in with an overly new product never used before within the American cosmetic context, a new perspective and using tactful pricing criteria to lure customers. A quick look at the current American cosmetic industry notifies you about a significant increase in financial figures in terms of investments and total revenues in profits earned. The US market invests an annual amount of nearly $60 billion in the cosmetics industry with annual profits of $11 billion reported within the industry. The amount in the industry in terms of investments and the profits earned showcases the possibility of successful venture Australian Cosmetic Company can become in the American market. The combination of proper funding, successful market penetration and coordinated business operations with the partners promises better results for the company. Risks and Challenges Success comes after a battle against the opposing circumstances, overcoming hurdles and all the obstacles that can derail the progress. This is referred to as challenges. The obstacles to success are everywhere especially in the business sector (A Director's Guide 2012). Australian Cosmetic Company is faced with numerous challenges and the most common and conspicuous one is the stiff competition within the US cosmetic industry. The challenge provides a real threat to the successful establishment of the company within the new environment. But this will be easily solved through strategic collaboration with the local popular ventures who understand the market dynamics much better. In a high paced economy like that of the US, technology is advanced in every activity, which will initially affect the performance of new entrant Australian Cosmetic Company. However, this is a question of adaptation to business processes, and the firm will also invest in complete technology in the overall processes to compete at par with other tech warriors. And finally, the problem of consistent funding is a valid challenge that will affect performance of the cosmetic firm, and in addition getting the product to the market. It is a challenge that needs the most address and attention. However, when the financial security will be secured, all the business activities will swing into place and the company will set aside a marketing budget to facilitate promotional activities that would create awareness of the new cosmetic product from Australian Cosmetic Company. References A Director's Guide 2012, Business Risk: A practical guide for board members, Director Publications Ltd, London SW1Y 5ED. Abbas, A 2017, 'The Beauty And Personal Care Market: Global And Regional Overview', Euromonitor International, pp. 5-16. Aginsky Consulting Group 2007, 'Cosmetics market research summary ', pp. 1-8. Chaudhri, SK Jain, NK 2009, 'History of cosmetics-A Review', Asian Journal of Pharmaceutics, pp. 164-167. Copeland Borough Council, 'Health and safety in the beauty industry ', (Revision 2), pp. 5-60. Cuellar-Healey, S 2013, 'Marketing Module 8: Promotion ', Marketing Modules Series. Ehmke, C, Fulton, J Lusk, J, 'Marketings Four Ps: First Steps for New Entrepreneurs', Purdue Extension. EY 2014, 'Challenging growth in the luxury and cosmetics sector ', The luxury and cosmetics financial factbook , pp. 2-55. EY 2016, 'Keep calm and care about your consumer ', The luxury and cosmetics financial factbook , pp. 2-82. Hussain, M Ahmad, M 2012, 'Mostly Discussed Research areas in Human Resource Management (HRM) A Literature Review ', International Journal of Economics and Management Sciences , vol II, no. 3, pp. 10-10. Isoraite, M 2009, 'Theoritical Aspetcs of Marketing Strategy', Ekonomika ir vadyba: aktualijos ir perspektyvos, pp. 114-125. Katou, A Budhwar, P 2010, ' Causal relationship between HRM policies and organisational performance: Evidence from the Greek manufacturing sector ', European Management Journal, no. 28, pp. 25-39. Lynn, M 2011, 'Segmenting and Targeting Your Market: Strategies and Limitations ', Cornell University School of Hotel Administration: The Scholarly Commons. Procurement Leaders 2013, 'Strategy Guide: Supplier Relationship Management'. Ray, P Ross, M 2008, 'Competitor Analysis ', Gateway Series Sries No 21. Sammut-Bonnici, T 2015, Macroenvironment, Wiley Encyclopedia of Management. Thomson Reuters 2008, 'Financial Analysis CS', Sample Reports, pp. 2-74.

Stanley In A Streetcar Named Desire Essays - English-language Films

Stanley In A Streetcar Named Desire Streetcar Named Desire Character Analysis of Stanley Kowalski A Streetcar Named Desire revolves around the association of Blanche with Stanley, who represents contemporary social values driven by male dominance. He is violent and barbaric throughout the play, both in costuming (an element of spectacle) and in dialog (in this case, an expression of both diction and character). As the play progresses, Stanley uses every possible tool available to him to subjugate Blanche, including destroying any possible healthy relationship, ostracizing her, and finally raping her. In his first encounter with Blanche, Stanley is irritated because he knows she has been drinking his liquor. He senses an invasion of his territory by Blanche, who has taken something that belongs to him. Stanley welcomes her into the Kowalski home; however, that acceptance requires that Blanche acknowledge his authority. When he removes his shirt in this scene, it is not so much to titillate Blanche as to demonstrate his masculinity. Stanley's desire to dominate everyone around him finds its ultimate expression in his relationship to Blanche. That desire ignited in Act I. During their first confrontation, Stanley attempts repeatedly to intimidate Blanche into giving him the information he wants concerning the loss of Belle Reve. Initially however, Blanche responds only with flirtation and laughter and ultimately, with a long diatribe relieving her of responsibility for the loss, and bestowing all the legalities on to him. During the next scene, when Stanley physically intimidates Stella, showing his own physical prowess, Blanche attempts to take her away from him. In the course of the play he appears obsessed with finding Blanche's weakness; when he discovers that she has committed sexual indiscretions in Laurel and senses her feelings of guilt concerning them, he acts immediately. In the second confrontation between Blanche and Stanley we see another territorial dispute. Ignoring Blanche's attempt to change the subject by flirting with him--and this is clearly her intention when she asks him to help button her dress, and when she takes a drag on his cigarette--Stanley interrogates her about the loss of Belle Reve. His anger is founded on his interpretation of the Napoleonic Code, according to which whatever belongs to my wife is also mine (41). The implication is clear; although Stanley has never seen Belle Reve it belongs to him, through his wife. He suspects that Blanche's extravagant lifestyle has caused the loss of the family estate; to verify the truth of his suspicions (and, at the same time, offend Blanche) he rummages through her trunk. Stanley finds a bundle of letters from Blanche's deceased husband; he appears unconcerned when this distresses Blanche, and does not admit to understanding why his touching the letters might make her want to burn them. The third confrontation occurs during the famous Poker Night in Scene Three; Stella and Mitch are the subjects of Stanley's territorial aggression. In the previous scene we find that Stella has prepared a cold plate for Stanley, so she can take Blanche out of the apartment during his poker game (20). When the women return at two in the morning, they attempt to break up the game. As Mitch passes through the bedroom on the way to the bath, Blanche engages him in a conversation that takes him away from Stanley's poker game. After he returns to the game, the women begin to gossip and to play the radio. Stanley turns off their radio; Blanche turns it back on. Enraged, Stanley throws the radio out of the window and attacks Stella, striking her. When the couple continues to fight, the men restrain Stanley and drag him into the bedroom. Again Blanche defies Stanley, taking Stella to a neighbor's apartment. When Stanley discovers Stella is gone, he exhibits emotions that are inconsistent with the image Williams has built--that Stanley is the epitome of the insensitive modern male. He sobs, whining into the phone in an attempt to persuade Eunice to let him speak to Stella. Then, regaining control of himself, he begins to bellow his wife's name (42). That ends the poker game. From Stanley's point of view, Blanche has simultaneously robbed him of his wife and his best friend. Although Stella returns to her husband that night, we

POWERBAR

POWERBAR PowerBar: Be Great. This is the slogan used by the company PowerBar Inc. in order to reinforce the athletic, intense, youthful image it wants to portray to its consumers of the PowerBar. PowerBar is a nutritional snack that can be easily be transported or eaten in a quick, but nutritional manner. From the basic need of a quick, easy, nutritional snack, our group consisting of Dana Smith, Kim Rooney, Bonnie Egan, Ali Kutner, and Jonathan Marcus, has decided that there is another market for this type of product. Rather than only targeting intensity filled athletes, PowerBar should target both women and men aged fifty and older. After much research, we have found that the need for this type of product is substantial. We will demonstrate through the marketing mix, analysis of consumer behavior, and analysis of our new target market how we will do this, and also keep our current market.NutritionThere are four distinct categories of nutrition bars appealing to different consumers: High-car bohydrate bars are targeted at serious athletes looking to keep energy levels high; meal-replacement bars are aimed at weight watchers in a hurry; high-protein bars are intended to build muscle in weekend warriors when eaten after exercising; and bars made for women that contain certain nutrients thought to be particularly useful to them.While many bars offer mass appeal, others now target very specific audiences such as hikers, and athletes. Clif Bar, the makers of Luna bar supplies women with a nutritious combination of calcium for strong bones, soy protein associated with reduced breast cancer risk and with a healthy heart and bones, 100 percent of daily folic acid needs for a healthy heart, and 22 vitamins and minerals for overall wellness, or for women following specific diet plans. These nutrition packed bars provide consumers...

Ford to Cut New-Car Greenhouse Emissions 30% by 2020 Research Paper

Ford to Cut New-Car Greenhouse Emissions 30% by 2020 - Research Paper Example The company has failed to meet its goals that were to improve the mileage on sport-utility vehicles by the year 2005 to 25%. According to the views of Susan Cischke, although the company has failed to meet its commitments, its SUV (Sports-Utility Vehicle) mileage goals has been a blueprint demonstrating where the company wants to go and thus stated that she is confident that this time the company will be able to achieve the goal. However, Alan Mulley (Chief Executive Officer) stated that the company will try to focus upon the environmental friendly issues. According to Friends of the Earth, which is an environmental group stated that the announcements that has been made by the Ford Motors has been quite unimpressive since the stated targets of 30% reduction meets the regulatory requirements (Koenig, â€Å"Ford to Cut New-Car Greenhouse Emissions 30% by 2020 (Update4)†).   The most important point in the article that has been agreed with is the Vice President’s stateme nt that stated, the difficulties Ford Motors might face while implementing the policies of greenhouse gas emissions, however, it is not impossible task at all. The statement makes it evident that the company seems to perceive the social responsibility as an opportunity to serve the society and other participants rather than a damage control initiative. If the leader is of such views then the company as a whole can be prepared to work with the similar enthusiasm and mindset as that of the Vice  President, Susan Chischke.  

Policy Making and Contemporary Governance in the United Kingdom Essay

Policy Making and Contemporary Governance in the United Kingdom - Essay Example Within an organization, it is the board that takes care of the accountability of an organization to its â€Å"owners and stakeholders†. The essence on governance particularly relates to public traded organizations that mainly focus on accountability, responsibility and profitability. Corporate governance has all the more taken a significant position than it had in the earlier times (Jackson, Derose & Beatty, 2003, p.4). It was after the release of the Cadbury report in the year 1992 that corporate governance became a major concern in the UK. The focus of the Cadbury report was quite restricted to the financial parts of corporate governance. However, several other reports followed the Cadbury report and include â€Å"the Greenbury report (1995), the Hampel report (1998), the Smith report (2003), and the Higgs report (2003)†. The reports derived from these cases of UK imply that only particular issues in regard to corporate governance have been dealt that included the rev elations of compensations of directors and executives of the organization, appraisal committees, and the responsibility and efficacy of non executives in the company (Plessis, Hargovan & Bagaric, 2010, p.312). Although governance has been an old concept, however, it is recently that concerns have been given more importance on issues regarding good governance in an organization. Thus policy governance came into play and has been refined and articulated by different authors at different points of time. Policy governance refers to the theory that governs the business of public. The boards of organizations take the responsibilities towards achieving the organizational goals and objectives for which suitable corporate governance is highly necessary (Jackson, Derose & Beatty, 2003, p.5). This report would deal with a study on the approaches to the study of policy making that best help to understand the nature of contemporary governance in the UK. Corporate Governance in the UK: The Early Times: Corporate governance was defined by the Cadbury report as a â€Å"system by which companies are directed and controlled† (Keasey, Thompson & Wright, 2005, pp.22). Cadbury had realized that following good governance within an organization assists the organizational members and the authorities to deliver measures effectively thus driving the companies forward towards success. Failures in corporate governance may occur owing to inefficient performances by the organization which results in decrease in the level of profits. Secondly when an organization earns huge profits there may be a tendency among its members to share some amount of that profit in the way of excess remuneration. Thus to incur corporate management to provide effective and efficient performances, a good governance is a requirement (Keasey, Thompson & Wright, 2005, pp.22-23). It can be said that the governance reforms in the UK particularly started with the establishment of the Cadbury Committee that focus ed on issues relating to exercise of â€Å"creative accounting devices†, failures at the corporate levels, and public dissatisfaction over increasing rates of compensation of the executives of an organization. The recommendations of Cadbury focused mainly on the responsibilities of the executive officers within an organization. Thus the role of executives and non-executives were taken into concern and tried to be strengthened by the Cadbury recommendations along with additional progress (Keasey, Thompson & Wright, 2005, p.5). â€Å"Executive pay arrangements† offer a predominantly appealing argument for confirmation for corporate governance reforms. Several reformers have stressed their efforts on improving the transparency of remuneration process, trying not to affect the executive

Improving Your Writing Skills Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Improving Your Writing Skills - Essay Example This study outlines that there are several issues that should be put into consideration. The writer should organize the information using a functional format. A functional format is an arrangement that goes through a sequence as per the material that is being presented for clarity and easy understanding. This should be followed by writing down of a draft that comprises of all the important parts of the information that is to be passed to the reader. The writing of a draft is an important process as it gives the writer the opportunity to exhaust all the information that ought to be included, make changes through by removing or adding part of the document. Thus, only the relevant information gets the chance of being in the draft. It is after this process, that the final document for the reader is prepared. In order to be a good business writer, good business writing skills are essential. Through this, professionalism is observed from either side. In this regard, a business document nee ds to be short and precise. This is because most people who require this information do not have much time to go through long documents in search of the ideas that have been put down by the writers.

Societal Determinants of Health

Societal Determinants of Health Louise Matthews Determinants of Health Tutor: Liz Footsoy Introduction This essay will be looking at how an individual’s health is determined within society. Epidemiologists who study the pattern of disease, have found that not all groups have the same opportunities to achieve good health (Naidoo, 2009). There are many factors that effect a person’s health such as where a person lives, the state of the environment in which they live, employment, income, education levels and relationships that person has with their family and friends. Using employment as an example. If a person is in employment they will receive an income, which can be used to fund food, a home and bills. Therefore they have shelter, heating and a decent chance of a steady healthy life. In comparison if a person is unemployed they would not receive an income to fund food, a home and bills. This would have a detrimental effect on their health, not only physically but also mentally. Financial worries and stress could easily cause mental health problems such as depression and the person would have low levels of self-esteem. They are also at risk of having to live in damp housing which could cause long term respiratory disease (Deaton, 2003). This essay is going to have an in-depth look at how income and education effect the lifestyles of different levels of social class. It will then look how this determines the health of these groups in society. Statistical sources will be used as evidence to show how mortality rates are effected by high and low levels of income and education in England compared to America. The essay will finally be drawn to a conclusion, using all the information and statistical facts found throughout the writing of this piece of work. An excellent introduction – good use of sources. Main Body[i1] In the 1900’s the major causes of death were infectious diseases such as Tuberculosis and Influenza but with advances in science and improvements in medicine, deaths from these sort of diseases have been dramatically reduced. As infectious have been eliminated, other illnesses have replaced them as leading causes of early death in Western culture. In modern day the main causes of death are known as chronic lifestyle related conditions such as chronic heart disease, respiratory disease, obesity, diabetes and certain forms of cancer (Mc Graw Hill, 2014). These kinds of diseases are most common amongst lower socioeconomic groups. It is the lifestyle that this group of society lead that causes these kind of diseases. Things like excessive drinking, smoking; low levels of physical activity and high levels of stress, depression and poor diet are all factors that contribute towards ill health (Naidoo, 2009). Cardio vascular disease in England is amongst the highest in the world, being the cause of death in 40% of men and 38% of women (Mayes, 1991). For a person to have good health and well-being they need to have access to fresh fruit and veg[i2] daily in order to eat well. Regular physical activity is essential for disease prevention and health promotion. Good fitness reduces the risk of chronic diseases such as heart disease. Good fitness also contributes to the mental well-being of an individual, making them feel good about themselves and improving their self-esteem and increasing energy levels. Fewer than 40% of adults meet physical activity guidelines and this generally declines with age (Mc Graw Hill, 2014). People in higher social class groups live longer and enjoy better health than disadvantaged groups, for example a man in a professional job is likely to live seven years longer than a man in an unskilled or manual job. It would seem that if a man was unemployed the life expectancy would decline even further (Naidoo,2009). The major inequality in social class is wealth, income and education. Many economists argue that better educated people live longer than poorer, less educated people. This is because with good education, comes good knowledge and understanding and stands well educated people in better positions to get higher paid jobs, bringing them good income and wealth. Meaning they can afford better things in life, like good fresh food and housing which in turn should lengthen their life expectancy. A varied, healthy diet is essential in promoting good health. A person needs to eat to survive, food supplies energy for growth and movement, Protein for muscles and dietary fibre for roughage. A low intake of dietary fibre is suggested to be the cause of many diseases such as constipation, bowel cancer, coronary heart disease and varicose veins (Mayes, 1991).[LF3] The type of housing a person lives in also has a massive impact on that person’s health. If someone lives in a damp free house, situated in an area of low pollution levels, they should have lesser chance of suffering from respiratory problems than someone who does live in damp conditions. A person from a lower class group, that has no choice but to live in damp housing because of income is at risk of ill health. With damp housing comes all sorts of problems for an individual’s health. It can cause respiratory problems and infections, allergies and asthma, the environment can also affect the immune system (NHS, 2014). More than one million children in England live in bad housing. Poor housing conditions increase the risk of severe ill health or disability by up to 25% during childhood and early adulthood. Respiratory problems such as coughing and wheezing, means losing sleep, restricted physical activity and missing school. Therefore growing up in poor housing can have a long term impact on a child’s life chances because of the effect it has on their learning and education, lower educational attainment, greater likelihood of unemployment and poverty (Harker, 2006). It is thought that better educated people are more able to understand and use health information and are better placed to benefit from the healthcare system. The knowledge that the higher class people have learnt prevents them from partaking in risky behaviours like binge drinking and smoking, like the lower socioeconomic, less educated people do.[LF4] Both education and income promote health in different ways, like stated before good education makes it easier to use new health information and technologies and income makes life easier for the individuals, reducing stress and worry financially. Not having to worry about child care costs and being able to go on relaxing family holidays, giving them a better quality of life and better state of mental health. Reducing stress levels is just as important as a healthy diet and exercise regime in reducing the risk of chronic heart disease and certain forms of cancer. Cities with higher average education or higher average income have lower mortality rates (Deaton, 2003). Children born into well educated, high income households will also be given the best chance at a bright, healthy future. They will realise the importance of education and along with education comes power and the ability to earn a decent income. This is obviously not the case for children born into less educated poorer families. These children arrive at adulthood with poorer health and poorer educational attainment. This has a massive knock on effect to that individual’s ability to earn themselves a good income in adulthood. These individuals will also suffer high levels of stress and low levels of self-esteem which will have a negative effect on their mental health and well-being. An excellent discussion – well done! Conclusion It is obvious at the end of this report that not everyone is given an equal chance at a healthy life. People do not get chronic diseases because they are unlucky; they get these diseases because of the lifestyle in which they lead. These people may not choose to lead these lifestyles; it can be because of reasons out of their control why they are in these situations. Lack of education and income can all impact upon their health and lifestyle. A good education is the building block to a healthy life. Education increases a person’s chance of employability and ability to cope with many situations, allowing the person not to get overwhelmed with stress which could have a detrimental effect on their mental health. Employment provides income and thus access to health promoting resources such as a variety of fresh fruit and vegetables, good housing and heating. People need to take education more importantly from an early age to increase the whole of society’s life expectancies and to close the gap between different social classes. Very clear, decisive conclusion however it is important to consider factors such as a healthy balance between foods, drinks and exercise. Some people who exercise excessively when they are young will often suffer ill health later in life etc. Overall an excellent report – well done! Table of Reference Mayes, A. (1991) ‘The A-Z of Nutritional Health’. London: Harper Collins Publishers. Naidoo, J., Wills, J. (2009) ‘Foundations for Health Promotion’. (3rd edition) London: Bailliere Tindall ELSEVIER. Deaton, A. (2003) ‘Health, Income and Inequality’ [Online] Available at: http://www.TheNationalBureauofeconmicresearch.com [Accessed – 12th May 2014] GOV.UK. (no year) ‘Can damp and mould affect my health?’ [Online] Available at: http://www.nhs.co.uk [Accessed – 5th May 2014] Harker, L. (2006) ‘The impact of bad housing on children’s lives’ [Online] Available at: http://www.england.shelter.org.uk [Accessed – 12th May 2014] Mc Graw Hill. (no year) ‘Lifestyle for health, fitness and wellness’. [Online] [Accessed 5th May 2014] Very good range of sources! 1 [i1]Should be discussion of findings [i2]Always write in full i.e., vegetables [LF3]Very good points of discussion and very good use of sources. [LF4]I do agree however this could go the other way too – more money means you can afford to behave more riskily e.g., drug taking alchol.

Temptations :: essays research papers

Temptation I. Introduction: Temptation is a vast topic. The bible is filled with temptation from cover to cover, mostly about how God dealt with our problem of sin and giving us victory. God deals with temptation and we deal with it too. It is reality that everybody gets tempted from time to time by the devil. Jesus also was tempted but never sinned , temptations goal is to lure you away from God. There are a lot of ways the devil can tempt you, just make sure to stay focused and filled with the Spirit. And understand the goals of the devil to want to send temptation to us. II. Today’s situations of getting tempted to do wrong. A. Temptation is everywhere Picture this: Like a scuba diver in the ocean, we feel engulfed with water and alluring sights. B. The ways a person can be tempted are through materialism, pride, laziness, sexually, greed, envy, gluttony, and lying. III. FILLING: of the Spirit A. No wonder the Bible instructs believers to get filled with the Spirit of God: Instead, let the Holy Spirit fill and control you. Then you will sing psalms and hymns and spiritual songs among yourselves, making music to the Lord in your hearts. And you will always give thanks for everything to God the Father in the name of our Lord Jesus Christ. Eph 5:18-19 B. See how God helps? It is in our distress, when we feel weak, the Spirit prays for us. It is all about trust and dependence on God. God will work things out. So stand firm in truth that God assigns no blame, truly forgiven of sins. No condemnation for those in Jesus (Rom.8:1 ff.) So the Spirit of life dwells in all true believers and it is His Spirit that continues to help. Apart from God we have no life. IV. Goal of Temptation A. Temptation’s Lure: Find life apart from God -That is what Satan wanted to do with Jesus – go for the â€Å"do it yourself, instant fix† B. Strategy: Twisting Scripture That is what Satan specializes in. He knows the Bible well enough to twist it with some from of innocent looking deception. What’s wrong with telling a stone to become bread? V. Conclusion Jesus has promised to help, let go of the seeds and seek His help. The story of Jesus’ temptation reminds us Jesus knows the experience really well, the battle isn’t over, Satan will want to get at us at an "opportune time", but he is able to help, be like Jesus, full of the Spirit, full of God’s acceptance and love.